What Is the Difference Between a Green Card and a Visa?

What Is the Difference Between a Green Card and a Visa?

By Brian in Visas and Green Cards | on 2024-05-28 19:11:59

While visas and green cards both serve as documentation for foreigners in the US, there are distinct differences between the two. They serve different purposes, and the application process varies for both. Which is right for you? Discuss this with an Austin immigration attorney today.

Defining the Key Concepts: Visa vs. Green Card

A visa is a temporary document that allows non-U.S. citizens to enter the United States for a specific purpose, such as tourism, education, or work. On the other hand, a green card, officially known as a Permanent Resident Card, grants lawful permanent residency to foreign nationals, allowing them to live and work in the United States permanently.

Types of Visas and Their Purposes

The United States offers a wide range of visas, each serving a specific purpose. Here are some common types:

• Student Visa (F-1 visa): Foreign students enrolled in an accredited U.S. educational institution can obtain an F-1 visa. This visa allows them to study full-time in the U.S.
• Temporary Worker Visa (H-2B visa): This visa is for non-agricultural workers who are coming to the U.S. for temporary or seasonal employment.
• Tourist Visa (B-2 visa): This visa is for individuals visiting the U.S. for tourism, visiting friends or relatives, or seeking medical treatment.
• Investor Visa (EB-5 visa): The EB-5 visa is for foreign investors who invest a substantial amount of money in a new commercial enterprise that creates jobs for U.S. workers.
• Work Visa (H-1B visa): The H-1B visa is for foreign workers in specialty occupations that require specialized knowledge, such as engineers, architects, or IT professionals.

Each visa category has its own set of requirements and limitations, so consult with an Austin immigration attorney to determine the right visa for your specific situation.

What is a Green Card, and What Rights Does It Confer?

A green card, as mentioned earlier, grants lawful permanent residency. Some key rights and benefits associated with a green card include:

• Work authorization: Green card holders have the right to work in the United States without any restrictions.
• Travel freedom: Green card holders can travel freely within the United States. They can enter and exit the country without a visa or the need to apply for re-entry permits.
• Pathway to citizenship: Green card holders can apply for U.S. citizenship after meeting certain residency requirements.
• Social Security benefits: Green card holders are eligible for some Social Security benefits, including retirement benefits, disability benefits, and Medicare coverage.
• Access to education: Green card holders can access education at all levels in the United States, including public schools, colleges, and universities.

Visa and Green Card: Application Processes Compared

Obtaining a visa usually involves filing an application with the US embassy or consulate in your home country. The process may include an interview, proof of financial means to support yourself during your stay, and providing documents specific to the visa category you are applying for.

On the other hand, a green card is a more complex process, including:

• Asylum or refugee status: For individuals fleeing persecution in their home country.
• Employment-based: For individuals sponsored by a U.S. employer.
• Family-based: For individuals with close family members who are U.S. citizens or green card holders.
• Diversity Visa Program (DV Lottery): A lottery-based program that offers a limited number of green cards to individuals from countries with low immigration rates to the U.S.

Duration and Limits: Visa vs. Green Card

A visa has an expiration date and is valid only for a specific period. Depending on the type of visa, it may be valid for a few weeks, months, or years. In contrast, a green card has no expiration date, allowing the holder to reside and work in the United States indefinitely.

Employment and Travel Restrictions

Green card holders, just like U.S. citizens, have the right to work in any job or industry of their choice without requiring specific work visas. However, there may be some limitations when it comes to certain government jobs, obtaining security clearances, or engaging in some sensitive occupations that require U.S. citizenship.

We Are Austin Immigration Lawyers You Can Trust

The team of skilled and experienced Austin immigration attorneys at J. Sparks Law can help with everything from A to Z when it comes to gaining legal status in the US. To set up a free case review, contact us now.